Battery Passport Requirements: What Changes in February 2027
Definition: what is the battery passport?
The battery passport is a Digital Product Passport specific to batteries, mandated by the EU Battery Regulation 2023/1542. Every battery in scope must carry an individual electronic record, accessible via QR code, documenting its composition, carbon footprint, performance and state of health.
It is the first mandatory digital passport in Europe: it enters into force before the first ESPR delegated acts, and serves as the blueprint for every other sector.
Its most demanding requirement — one passport per individual battery — is already day-to-day business at Arianee: more than 3.4 million item-level passports in production, created automatically in the factory or at delivery.
The date to remember: 18 February 2027
From February 2027, every battery in scope placed on the European market must come with its passport. Covered:
- •Electric vehicle batteries (cars, buses, trucks)
- •Light means of transport batteries (e-bikes, e-scooters)
- •Industrial batteries above 2 kWh (stationary storage, forklifts, equipment)
Consumer portable batteries (phones, laptops) are not covered by the passport — though the regulation imposes other obligations on them (collection targets, recycled content).
What data must the battery passport contain?
| Family | Example data points |
|---|---|
| Identification | Manufacturer, model, serial number, battery chemistry |
| Performance | Rated capacity, expected lifetime, state of health (SoH) |
| Composition | Cobalt, lithium, nickel, lead content — and their recycled share |
| Carbon footprint | Declared kg CO2-eq per kWh over the life cycle |
| Responsible sourcing | Due diligence on minerals (cobalt, lithium…) |
| Circularity | Dismantling instructions, replaceable parts, recycling |
Two strong specifics: the battery passport is required at item level — one passport per individual battery, not per model. And some data is dynamic: state of health evolves during the battery's life and must be kept up to date. The Arianee platform is built for these flows: updates reach the passport through APIs, with a signed event history.
Who is affected?
- •Cell and pack manufacturers: collecting composition, carbon and sourcing data
- •Carmakers and integrators: aggregating supplier data, exposing the QR code
- •Importers: responsible for the passport of batteries made outside the EU — the most common case
- •Second-life actors: refurbishers and recyclers read and enrich the passport
Battery passport vs ESPR: how do they fit together?
The Battery Regulation 2023/1542 is a standalone text: it applies independently of the ESPR and lands earlier. But both share the same technical logic (unique identifier, data carrier, structured data, registry). An infrastructure compliant with the battery passport therefore directly prepares you for ESPR obligations. The full regulatory map: Which regulations require a Digital Product Passport?
How to prepare: 4 steps
- 01.Inventory your battery references in scope (> 2 kWh, EV, LMT) and your import flows
- 02.Collect data from the upstream chain — carbon footprint and mineral sourcing take the longest to obtain
- 03.Choose your passport infrastructure: hosting, dynamic data updates, item-level QR codes
- 04.Run a pilot in 2026 to absorb corrections before the deadline
For the full regulatory detail, see our page Battery Pass — Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. And to assess your setup: request a demo of the Arianee platform.
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